White Fluff, River Health and Wildlife

June 26, 2024

Is this a good sign?

You decide to go for a walk and step outside. You see an abundance of white fluff floating around, gathering in piles on the ground or coating your backyard. Is this a good sign? Absolutely! What you are witnessing are cottonwood seeds. While they might be a bit messy, they are a welcomed sight, indicating there is a mature cottonwood tree nearby.


Cottonwoods release their seeds during spring and early summer, perfectly timed with the high runoff from melting snow and seasonal rains. This floodwater disperses the seeds downstream across riparian areas—from Colorado’s headwaters to the Arizona desert. The nutrient-rich, damp silt deposits create ideal germination conditions, allowing the saplings to thrive in riverbank soil. Every year, cottonwoods depend on abundant clean water to propagate and survive.


Benefits of Cottonwoods


Once established, cottonwood roots filter contaminates and fortify riverbanks, slowing erosion and extensive flood damage. Their large canopies and dense foliage provide cool, shady spots for willows, which in turn provide food and breeding grounds for a variety of wildlife, including dragonflies, frogs, cutthroat trout and eagles.


Cottonwoods also serve as a beacon of hope, indicating the presence of water. Small flowers, called catkins, produced by the trees in early spring, have medicinal uses and can be chewed for toothaches or used to treat skin abrasions. As you spend time on the river near you, know that by supporting the conservation of these magnificent trees you are also helping ensure healthy rivers—for people and wildlife.

Forever Our Rivers 1% for the Planet Impact Partner
October 12, 2026
Forever Our Rivers has joined 1% for the Planet as an Impact Partner. Learn more about the organization and what that means for our impact.
September 3, 2026
Discover how invasive Russian olive trees threaten Utah’s Escalante River and how restoration efforts are bringing back native plants, wildlife habitat and a healthier watershed.
Little Salt Film
August 17, 2026
The Colorado River Basin touches millions of lives, yet few people understand just how connected we are to its future.
July 14, 2026
Every stream tells the story of the landscape around it. Some tell stories of abundance. Others tell stories of change.
June 11, 2026
No river flows in isolation. From the smallest tributary to the powerful sweep of the Colorado River, every waterway is part of a complex and deeply connected system shared not only by wildlife, but also the farmers, ranchers, recreationists and communities who rely on them for drinking water, food, serenity and livelihood. That’s why Forever Our Rivers supports the Little Salt Film project. The Little Salt film explores the tangled threads of the Colorado River. The film begins with three amateur adventurers attempting to kayak a tiny tributary in Fruita, Colorado. But what starts as a backyard paddle quickly transforms into an unexpected exploration of the questions that shape water in the West: Where does our water come from? Who decides what happens to it? And what does the future hold?
Rio Grande River with mountains in the background
May 1, 2026
Climate resiliency for an arid Southern Colorado landscape. Surrounded by the stunning 14,000-foot snow-capped peaks of the San Juan mountains, the San Luis Valley is a place of captivating natural beauty. At an elevation of 7,500 feet above sea level, it is the largest alpine valley in the world and the source of the Rio Grande River. As the mountains’ snow-melt flows to the valley floor, clear, icy waters feed rivers and streams, many of which have been designated as Gold Medal habitat for brown and rainbow trout. Wetlands Act as a Sponge, Slowing and Spreading Fresh Water The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service manages three separate wildlife refuges in the San Luis Valley, encompassing over 100,000 acres of wetlands which serve as prime habitat for a huge variety of fish, mammals and birds. Elk, deer, porcupines and beavers thrive where these wetlands naturally filter and distribute water. Migratory birds like the Sandhill crane depend on these lands to provide the food and shelter needed to sustain their voyages north in the spring and south in the fall. The San Luis Valley is also home to many people, some of whom have farmed or ranched the valley for generations, growing renowned and high-quality hay, potatoes, quinoa and spinach. This High Alpine Desert Gets Less than 7 Inches of Annual Rainfall a Year Restoring streams and wetlands and rehabilitating water infrastructure across the Rio Grande watershed grows more urgent every year as multi-year drought shrinks annual snowpack and farmers and ranchers face hotter and drier conditions. In this arid landscape, crops are reliant on melting snow to feed the Rio Grande and all its connected aquifers, wetlands and streams. Farmers and ranchers rely on functional ditch infrastructure to deliver water to cropland. Aging and inefficient ditch equipment makes it challenging for ag producers to meet local water conservation goals. It’s Time to Act That’s why Forever Our Rivers partnered with the Rio Grande Headwaters Restoration Project to aid the Conejos River, the largest tributary to the Rio Grande in Colorado. They work locally with ditch water users, landowners, the Conejos Water Conservancy District, Colorado Parks and Wildlife and the Colorado Division of Water resources.